Cognitive science

We often consider spoken language to be a feature that distinguishes humans from other forms of animal life. Brain research, however, suggests that other creatures — including certain birds — share some of our neural circuitry related to language. In this episode, co-host Janna Levin explores the origins and underlying mechanisms of human speech and birdsong with neurobiologist and geneticist Erich Jarvis.

Zero, which was invented late in history, is special among numbers. New studies are uncovering how the brain creates something out of nothing.

A group of prominent biologists and philosophers announced a new consensus: There’s “a realistic possibility” that insects, octopuses, crustaceans, fish and other overlooked animals experience consciousness.

The discovery that the brain has different systems for representing small and large numbers provokes new questions about memory, attention and mathematics.

Researchers uncover striking parallels in the ways that humans and machine learning models acquire language skills.

Feelings of loneliness prompt changes in the brain that further isolate people from social contact.

How does consciousness arise in mere flesh and blood? To the neuroscientist Anil Seth, our organic bodies are the key to the experience.

Crows recently demonstrated an understanding of the concept of zero. It’s only the latest evidence of animals’ talents for numerical abstraction — which may still differ from our own grasp of numbers.

To build a general artificial intelligence, we may need to know more about our own minds, argues the computer scientist Melanie Mitchell.